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Birth of Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, statesman and party leader
Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, Soviet state and party leader, general secretary of the CPSU Central Committee (1982-1984), Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (1983-1984), Chairman of the USSR State Security Committee (1967-1982) was born June 2 (15), 1914, at the station Nagutskaya, Stavropol Province.
After the death of his father, Yuri and his mother moved to the city of Mozdok (North Ossetia), where he graduated from the seven-year railway factory school. Having graduated, Yuri worked as a worker in the telegraph office, then became an apprentice and assistant projectionist at the railroad Club, at the same time joined the Komsomol.
In 1932, Andropov entered Rybinsk River College. Upon graduation, he stayed there to work as the Secretary of the Komsomol committee and the komsorg of the Komsomol Central Committee. In November 1936, he was transferred to the Volodarsky Rybinsk shipyard as the komsorg of the Central Committee of Komsomol. Subsequently, he was appointed head of the department of the city committee of Komsomol in Rybinsk, then head of the department of the regional committee of Komsomol in Yaroslavl Region. In 1937, he was elected secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of Komsomol. In 1938, Yuri was elected first secretary of the Yaroslavl Regional Committee of Komsomol, and in 1940 became the first secretary of the Central Committee of Leninist Young Communist League of the Karelo-Finnish SSR, established in March of the same year, according to the Moscow Peace Treaty.
During the Great Patriotic War, Yuri Andropov was one of the organizers and leaders of guerrilla detachments and underground groups. After the liberation of Karelia in 1944, he was appointed second secretary of Petrozavodsk City Party Committee, and in 1947 was elected second secretary of the Communist Party of the Karelo-Finnish SSR.
In 1946-1951, Andropov studied at the Higher Party School of the CPSU Central Committee and simultaneously – at the History and Philology Faculty of the Karelo-Finnish State University in Petrozavodsk. In 1951, he was transferred to the CPSU Central Committee apparatus in Moscow, and in 1953 – to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR.
From 1954 to 1957, Andropov was the Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Ambassador of the USSR in the Hungarian People's Republic. He actively participated in the Hungarian events in 1956
In 1957, Yuri Vladimirovich was promoted to head of the Department of the CPSU Central Committee. From 1962 to 1967, he was Secretary of the Central Committee, Communist Party of the USSR.
For fifteen years, from 1967 to 1982, Andropov served as chairman of the KGB of USSR. During his tenure, the state security agencies had significantly expanded their control over all spheres of public life and society: there were trials of human rights defenders, different methods were used to suppress dissent, etc.
In November 1982, Andropov was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. The new leader was aimed at strengthening labor discipline, exposing corruption. In foreign policy, the confrontation with the West intensified. From June 1983, Andropov had combined the post of general secretary of the party with that of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Yuri Andropov was awarded the Order of Lenin (four times), of the October Revolution, of the Red Banner, of the Red Banner of Labor (three times), and medals.
Yuri Andropov died on February 9, 1984 in Moscow and was buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis.
In 2004, a monument to Yuri Andropov by sculptor M. P. Koppalev was inaugurated in the city of Petrozavodsk.
Lit.: Андропов Ю. В. // Очерки истории Карельской организации КПСС. Петрозаводск, 1974; Андропов Ю. В. Избранные речи и статьи / Ю. В. Андропов. М., 1979; Андропов Ю. В. Избранные речи и статьи / Ю. В. Андропов. М., 1983; Андропов Ю. В. Ленинизм — неисчерпаемый источник революционной энергии и творчества масс. М., 1984; Андропов Ю. В. Ленинизм озаряет наш путь : докл. на торжеств. заседании в Москве, посвящ. 94-й годовщине со дня рождения В. И. Ленина 22 апр. 1964 г. М., 1964; Андропов Ю. В. Учение Карла Маркса и некоторые вопросы социалистического строительства в СССР. М., 1983; Андропов Ю. В. Шестьдесят лет СССР : докл. на Совмест. торжеств. заседании ЦК КПСС, Верхов. Совета СССР и Верхов. Совета РСФСР в Кремлев. Дворце съездов 21 дек. 1982 г. М., 1983; Бондаренко В. М. Борьба за власть: Троцкий, Сталин, Хрущев, Брежнев, Андропов. М., 2007; Выставка документов к 90-летию со дня рождения Ю. В. Андропова (8 - 11 июня 2004 г.) / Карел. гос. арх. новейшей истории : [буклет]. Петрозаводск, [2004?]; Кораблёв Н. А. Андропов Юрий Владимирович // Карелия : энциклопедия. В 3 т. Т. 1. А-Й. Петрозаводск, 2007. С. 126-127; Медведев Р. А. Андропов. М., 2006; Медведев Р. А. Неизвестный Андропов. Ростов н/Д., 1999; Медведев Р. А. Юрий Андропов: неизвестное об известном. М., 2004; Млечин, Л. М. Андропов. М., 2006; На пути к рассвету : к 95-летию Юрия Владимировича Андропова / материалы подгот. Юрий Шлейкин // ТВР-Панорама. 2009. 10 июня (№ 24). С. 10; Северный Артек в Салми : первый секретарь ЦК комсомола Карело-Финской ССР Юрий Андропов мечтал о всесоюзном детском лагере на берегу Ладоги : [к 100-летию Ю. В. Андропова] // Новая Ладога. 2014. 13 февр. (№ 6). С. 12; Семанов С. Н. Председатель КГБ Юрий Андропов. М., 2008; Синицин И. Е. Андропов вблизи : воспоминания о временах "оттепели" и "застоя". М., 2004; Хлобустов О. М. Неизвестный Андропов. М., 2009; Шлейкин Ю. В. Сохранить для потомков : петрозавод. издательство готовит кн. об Андропове и Беломорске в военные годы // Сорока Беломорская. 2013. № 11; Smirnova I. Andropov astui tarkkailupaikalle : [Juri Andropovin muistopatsas Petroskoissa] // Karjalan Sanomat. 2004. 9.kesäk. S. 3.
Based on the Presidential Library’s materials:
Андропов Ю. В. Карело-финские комсомольцы в Отечественной войне. Тегозеро, 1943;
Based on the materials of the National Library of Republic of Karelia